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This ECG is diagnostic of anterior STEMI. But there was some doubt as to whether it might be pericarditis because of the ST elevation in I and II, without ST depression in III. Add that to "sharp" pain and a 33 year old, and it is easy to convince yourself that this is, indeed, pericarditis. However, look closely!
True bifurcation STEMI with static thrombus (Carinal trapping of thrombus ,Coronary Lerish sydrome ) 4. EmbolicSTEMI with showers of emboli into both LCX and LAD Simultaneous or sequential Anterior and Inferior STEMI 5. Wrap around LAD true Global MI 2. RCA-dependent LAD circulation through collaterals 3.
mm has been described in normal subjects) Overall impression: In my opinion and experience, this ECG most likely represents a normal baseline ECG, but with a small chance of pericarditis instead. I texted this to Dr. Smith without any information, and this was his reply: "This could be pericarditis but probably is normal variant."
Here is his initial ED ECG: The R-wave in V4 extends to 33 mm, the computerized QTc is 372 ms The only available previous ECG is from one year ago, during the admission when he was diagnosed with pericarditis: 1 year ago ECG, with clinician and computer interpretatioin of pericarditis Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE What do you think?
In this ECG Cases blog we look at 10 cases of patients with chest pain, including false positive STEMI, false negative STEMI, and other causes to help hone your ECG interpretation skills in time-sensitive cases where those very ECG skills might save a life.
It is uncommon in the age of reperfusion therapy, as most STEMI get treated reasonably early, before transmural infarct. Patients with completed, transmural infarct are also at risk for post-infarction regional pericarditis and myocardial rupture. Most STEMI peak at over 10 ng/mL; most NonSTEMI at less than 10 ng/mL.
This is a bad ST vector orientation, because it causes widespread STE and one of the most important mistakes that needs to be avoided here is thinking of the diagnosis of pericarditis. Such an out-of-proportion STE is virtually never seen in pericarditis. Look at the STE in lead II, aVF. Aslanger as one of the co-authors ).
ECG read as: "Shows T wave inversions in the inferior leads and less than 1mm STE in V2, without STEMI criteria." CT pulmonary angiogram was negative for pulmonary embolism. All very very subtle. So the patient was placed back in the waiting room like many others. Aspirin was given. Second troponin T resulted at 1,318 ng/L.
The limb leads have been removed because there was no ST elevation in those leads, the QRS complexes have been obscured because this is irrelevant to STEMI criteria, and red lines have been added to measure ST segment elevation. But STEMI criteria ignore all this and look at ST segments in isolation.
for those of you who do not do Emergency Medicine, ECGs are handed to us without any clinical context) The ECG was read simply as "No STEMI." He was started on a heparin drip and CTA of the chest was ordered to rule out pulmonary embolism. Unfortunately, there was a long wait and the patient left before being seen by a provider.
Both of these are very suggestive of " No-Reflow ," or poor microvascular reperfusion due to downstream embolization of microscopic platelet-fibrin aggregates. cm diameter in the apex The presence of thrombus led the clinicians to state that this was a "late presentation STEMI." Myocardial Rupture and Postinfarction Pericarditis.
The morphology of V2-V4 is very specific in my experience for acute right heart strain (which has many potential etiologies, but none more common and important in EM than acute pulmonary embolism). CT angiogram showed extensive saddle pulmonary embolism. He had multiple cardiac arrests with ROSC regained each time. This is a quiz.
50% of LAD STEMIs do not have reciprocal findings in inferior leads, and many LAD OMIs instead have STE and/or HATWs in inferior leads instead. The ECG easily meets STEMI criteria in all leads V2-V6, as well. CT angiogram chest: no aortic dissection or pulmonary embolism. 24 yo woman with chest pain: Is this STEMI?
The emergency medicine physician documented, "His initial EKG is riddled with artifact and difficult to interpret but does not look like a STEMI." The ECG remains positive for STEMI by GE. Even if it is not atherosclerotic, young people can have embolic OMIs. In fact, even the GE algorithm got this one (partially) right.
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