Remove Embolism Remove Ischemia Remove STEMI
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ECG Cases 43 – ECG Interpretation in Shortness of Breath

ECG Cases

We discover that for STEMI/OMI vs subendocardial ischemia, we should look for STEMI(-)OMI, subacute OMI, and OMI in the presence of LBBB and RBBB, and consider the differential for diffuse ST depression with reciprocal ST elevation in aVR.

STEMI 106
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Pericarditis, or Anterior STEMI? The QRS proves it.

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

This ECG is diagnostic of anterior STEMI. The distal inferior apical LAD was cut off by distal embolization from LAD culprit. This is likely because 1) the ischemia to the inferior wall was only partial and 2) it reperfused quickly. The QRS is at least as important as the ST segment in diagnosing STEMI BP was 160.

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50 yo with V fib has ROSC, then these 2 successive ECGs: what is the infarct artery?

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

This certainly looks like an anterior STEMI (proximal LAD occlusion), with STE and hyperacute T-waves (HATW) in V2-V6 and I and aVL. This rules out subendocardial ischemia and is diagnostic of posterior OMI. How do you explain the anterior STEMI(+)OMI immediately after ROSC evolving into posterior OMI 30 minutes later?

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Syncope, Shock, AV block, Large RV, "Anterior" ST Elevation.

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

There is ST depression beyond the end of the wide QRS in I, II, aVF, and V4-V6, diagnostic of with subendocardial ischemia. It makes pulmonary embolism (PE) very likely. Although most cardiac arrest from MI is due to ventricular fibrillation, some is due to high grade AV block, and so this could indeed be due to large acute STEMI.

STEMI 40
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What does the angiogram show? The Echo? The CT coronary angiogram? How do you explain this?

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

This suggests further severe ischemia. Transient and partial thrombosis at the site of a non-obstructive plaque with subsequent spontaneous fibrinolysis and distal embolization may be one of the mechanisms responsible for the occurrence of MINOCA. This has resulted in an under-representation of STEMI MINOCA patients in the literature.

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Chest pain and LBBB. LBBB resolves and there is V1-V3 T-wave inversion.

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

Is this an anterior STEMI with LBBB? Explanation : The patient had a worrisome history: 59 yo with significant substernal chest pressure, so his pretest probability of MI (and even of STEMI) is reasonably high. Additionally, appropriate discordance is common in NonSTEMI, but very unusual in coronary occlusion (STEMI).

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A man in his 30s with cardiac arrest and STE on the post-ROSC ECG

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

In terms of ischemia, there is both a signal of subendocardial ischemia (STD max in V5-V6 with reciprocal STE in aVR) AND a signal of transmural infarction of the inferior wall with Q wave and STE in lead III with reciprocal STD in I and aVL. The rhythm is atrial fibrillation. The QRS complex is within normal limits.