Mon.Feb 19, 2024

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Could Niacin Actually Induce Heart Disease?

Med Page Today

(MedPage Today) -- Niacin metabolism was associated with incident major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and may be linked to the pathogenesis of heart disease via inflammatory pathways, researchers said. In a metabolomics study of stable.

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Physiological Resilience: A New Pillar of Endurance Exercise Performance (Part I of II)

Physiologically Speaking

Endurance performance is determined by three primary variables which were proposed by Dr. Michael Joyner over 3 decades ago in a paper titled “Modeling optimal marathon performance on the basis of physiological factors.” These factors are the performance VO2, lactate threshold, and running economy. Performance VO2 is the average oxygen consumption an athlete has to sustain during an event, e.g., the marathon.

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Dynamic Coronary Roadmap Reduces Contrast Use in Percutaneous Coronary Interventions

Cardiology Update

Minimizing iodinated contrast use stands as a critical safety measure in percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI), especially for patients at heightened risk of contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI). Dynamic Coronary Roadmap (DCR) serves as a PCI navigation aid by projecting a motion-compensated virtual coronary roadmap overlay onto fluoroscopy, potentially diminishing the necessity for contrast during PCI.

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Primordial Prevention Can Protect Black Women's Cardiovascular Health

Med Page Today

(MedPage Today) -- The U.S. kicked off its 60th annual American Heart Month with the sobering news that Black women who have high blood pressure by age 35 face up to triple the risk of a stroke by the time they reach middle age compared with their.

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Breaking the Silence: Understanding and Overcoming Stigma Surrounding Fibromyalgia

HCPLive

Fibromyalgia poses challenges extending beyond physical symptoms due to societal misconceptions and inadequate understanding. Clinicians emphasize the importance of addressing mental health, engaging patients actively, and creating supportive environments to improve the wellbeing of these patients.

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Eating too much protein is bad for your arteries, and this amino acid is to blame

Science Daily - Stroke

Consuming over 22% of dietary calories from protein can lead to increased activation of immune cells that play a role in atherosclerotic plaque formation and drive the disease risk, new study showed.

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Mechanisms of endothelial activation, hypercoagulation and thrombosis in COVID-19: a link with diabetes mellitus

Cardiovascular Diabetology

Early since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, the medical and scientific community were aware of extra respiratory actions of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Endothelitis, hypercoagulation, and hypofibrinolysis were i.

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Meaningful Change Thresholds Identified for Patients with Prurigo Nodularis

HCPLive

Additional validation of such improvement thresholds using unblinded trial data may be necessary to allow for more evidence of their utility in clinical research and practice.

Research 103
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Totally endoscopic concomitant aortic and mitral valve surgery in junctional epidermolysis bullosa: a case report

Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery

Junctional epidermolysis bullosa is a rare skin and mucosal disorder characterized by blister formation in response to minor trauma and extracutaneous manifestations. There have been no reports of cardiac surg.

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Neighborhood Segregation Linked to Racial Disparities in Access to Live Donor Kidney Transplantation

HCPLive

Findings suggest segregated residential and transplant center neighborhoods contribute to racial disparities in access to living donor kidney transplantation.

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Only 6 states rank for vascular surgery: Healthgrades

Becker's Hospital Review - Cardiology

Discover the top hospitals for vascular surgery in only six states, recognized by Healthgrades for their exceptional patient outcomes.

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Children with Sickle Cell Disease Show No Alarming Trends After Opioid Use

HCPLive

No concerning patterns of long-term or increasing opioid use were observed within 3 years after first opioid prescription in opioid-naive children with SCD.

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Interplay between mitochondrial dysfunction and lysosomal storage: challenges in genetic metabolic muscle diseases with a focus on infantile onset Pompe disease

Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine

Background Pompe disease (PD) is a rare, progressive autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorder that directly impacts mitochondrial function, leading to structural abnormalities and potentially culminating in heart failure or cardiogenic shock. The clinical course and molecular mechanisms of the disease remain incompletely understood. Methods We performed a retrospective analysis to examine the clinical manifestations, genetic traits, and the relationship between PD and mitochondrial functio

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IgAN Among Most Common Primary Glomerular Diseases Requiring Kidney Replacement Therapy

HCPLive

The incidence of KRT for primary glomerular disease-induced kidney failure was greatest for IgA nephropathy and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis.

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Identification of a novel Scn3b mutation in a Chinese Brugada syndrome pedigree: implications for Nav1.5 electrophysiological properties and intracellular distribution of Nav1.5 and Nav?3

Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine

Background The Scn3b gene encodes for Navβ3, a pivotal regulatory subunit of the fast sodium channel in cardiomyocytes. However, its mutation status in the Chinese population suffering from Brugada Syndrome (BrS) has not been characterized, and the contributory pathophysiological mechanisms to disease pathology remain undefined. Methods and Results A Scn3b (c.260C>T, p.P87l) mutation was identified in a patient with BrS of Chinese descent.

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Ahmad Masri, MD, MS: 2024 Update on Development and Future of Cardiac Myosin Inhibitor Class

HCPLive

Ahmad Masri, MD, MS, provides an update on the the development of the cardiac myosin inhibitor class and offers perspective on what the future might hold for the class beyond cardiomyopathy.

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Differences and Disparities Among Self-Referred and Physician-Referred Populations Undergoing Coronary Artery Calcium Scanning

Circulation: Cardiovascular Imaging

Circulation: Cardiovascular Imaging, Volume 17, Issue 2 , Page e015712, February 1, 2024. BACKGROUND:Coronary artery calcium computed tomography (CAC) is an important tool for identifying subclinical atherosclerosis and cardiovascular risk stratification. Despite robust evidence and inclusion in current guidelines, CAC is considered investigational by some US insurance carriers and requires out-of-pocket expenses.

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Non-Hospitalized COVID-19 Linked to Developing Insomnia

HCPLive

A new study found non-hospitalized COVID-19 survivors from a Vietnam general population had a 76.1% prevalence of insomnia, with 22.8% of respondents with insomnia scoring for severe insomnia.

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Ectopic colloid goiter in mediastinum with normal thyroid gland

Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery

Ectopic thyroid tissue is a rare developmental abnormality involving aberrant embryogenesis of the thyroid gland during passage from the primitive foregut to the pretracheal position. The most frequent positio.

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Nursing Guidance Improves Outcomes in Patients with Gout and Concomitant Hypertension

HCPLive

Patients receiving a nursing intervention had significantly better response rates, improvements in anxiety and depression scores, and significantly higher patient satisfaction when compared with the conventional care group.

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Associations of the triglyceride-glucose index and atherogenic index of plasma with the severity of new-onset coronary artery disease in different glucose metabolic states

Cardiovascular Diabetology

The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index is considered a dependable biomarker for gauging insulin resistance. The atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) represents a marker reflecting atherosclerosis. However, there is.

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Treatment-Specific Biomarkers, Future of Research for Lung Cancer with Jonathan Spicer, MD, PhD

HCPLive

In this Lungcast segment, Spicer spoke on several treatment-specific biomarkers for lung cancer and discussed the future of lung cancer therapy.

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The association between the AIP and undiagnosed diabetes in ACS patients with different body mass indexes and LDL-C levels: findings from the CCC-ACS project

Cardiovascular Diabetology

The atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) has been demonstrated to be significantly associated with the incidence of prediabetes and diabetes. This study aimed to investigate the association between the AIP and u.

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Fungal Keratitis Prevalence Higher in Rural Areas than Non-Rural Areas

HCPLive

A recent case series analysis found the fungal keratitis prevalence may be twice as high in rural compared with non-rural areas in the United States.

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Everything You Wanted To Know About Q Waves, By Dr. Jerry Jones, MD

ECG Guru

Follow this link to an article by Dr. Jerry Jones, MD, FACEP, FAAEM. This is a preview of Dr. Jones's next book, "Getting Acquainted With Ischemia and Infarction" In his very readable style, Dr. Jones will answer your questions about the different types of Q waves, their causes, and their meanings.

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Sequence Study of Risankizumab vs Ustekinumab in CD

HCPLive

David Rubin, MD, leads the panel discussion on a head-to-head sequence study of rizankizumab vs ustekinumab in the treatment of CD, as well as approaches to choosing first-line treatment.

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ARCADIA Trial on Atrial Cardiopathy and Stroke

All About Cardiovascular System and Disorders

In an earlier post on Embolic Stroke of Undetermined Source (ESUS) , I had mentioned about ARCADIA trial (AtRial Cardiopathy and Antithrombotic Drugs In Prevention After Cryptogenic Stroke) which was testing whether there is role for apixaban compared to aspirin for prevention of recurrent stroke in ESUS. The trial was sponsored by the National Institutes of Health, United States of America and the results have been published in February 2024.

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Brazil Has Distorted Prices for Biological Medicines Compared to Other Countries

HCPLive

Unlike several European countries, Brazil does not have recurring price reductions, which could contribute to the distorted prices for biological medicines.

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Milestone Papers in Signal Transduction Mechanisms of Hypertension and Its Complications

Hypertension Journal

Hypertension, Ahead of Print. To celebrate 100 years of AHA-supported cardiovascular disease research, this review article highlights milestone papers that have significantly contributed to the current understanding of the signaling mechanisms driving hypertension and associated cardiovascular disorders. This article also includes a few of the future research directions arising from these critical findings.

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Use of Upadacitinib in Treatment of CD

HCPLive

Remo Panaccione, MD, FRCPC, provides an overview of the newest oral therapy approved for CD, upadacitinib.

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Meta-Analysis of Normal Reference Values for Right and Left Ventricular Quantification by Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance

Circulation: Cardiovascular Imaging

Circulation: Cardiovascular Imaging, Volume 17, Issue 2 , Page e016090, February 1, 2024. BACKGROUND:Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) reference values are relied upon to accurately diagnose left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) pathologies. To date, reference values have been derived from modest sample sizes with limited patient diversity and attention to 1 but not both commonly used tracing techniques for papillary muscles and trabeculations.

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Tricuspid regurgitation: Frequency, clinical presentation, management and outcome among patients with severe left?sided valvular heart disease in Europe. Insights from the ESC?EORP Valvular Heart Disease II survey

European Journal of Heart Failure

Tricuspid regurgitation (TR): frequency, clinical presentation, management and outcome among patients with severe left-sided valvular heart disease in Europe. ESC-EORP, European Society of Cardiology-EURObservational Research Programme; TV, tricuspid valve. Abstract Aims Tricuspid regurgitation (TR) is commonly observed in patients with severe left-sided valvular heart disease (VHD).

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Multimodality Cardiac Imaging and the Imaging Workforce in the United States: Diversity, Disparities, and Future Directions

Circulation: Cardiovascular Imaging

Circulation: Cardiovascular Imaging, Volume 17, Issue 2 , Page e016409, February 1, 2024. Innovations in cardiac imaging have fundamentally advanced the understanding and treatment of cardiovascular disease. These advances in noninvasive cardiac imaging have also expanded the role of the cardiac imager and dramatically increased the demand for imagers who are cross-trained in multiple modalities.

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Clinical Applications of Dual?Energy Computed Tomography for Acute Ischemic Stroke

Stroke: Vascular and Interventional Neurology

Stroke: Vascular and Interventional Neurology, Ahead of Print. Acute ischemic stroke is a leading cause for neurological disability worldwide, and treatment strategies are rapidly evolving. Patient selection for recanalization therapy and postintervention management relies heavily on diagnostic imaging. In this narrative review, we searched the existing literature for clinical applications of dual‐energy computed tomography for acute ischemic stroke.

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Closing the Last Mile Gap in Access to Multimodality Imaging in Rural Settings: Design of the Imaging Core of the Risk Underlying Rural Areas Longitudinal Study

Circulation: Cardiovascular Imaging

Circulation: Cardiovascular Imaging, Volume 17, Issue 2 , Page e015496, February 1, 2024. Achieving optimal cardiovascular health in rural populations can be challenging for several reasons including decreased access to care with limited availability of imaging modalities, specialist physicians, and other important health care team members. Therefore, innovative solutions are needed to optimize health care and address cardiovascular health disparities in rural areas.

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Aneurysmal Versus “Benign” Perimesencephalic Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Stroke: Vascular and Interventional Neurology

Stroke: Vascular and Interventional Neurology, Ahead of Print. BACKGROUNDThe rate of underlying ruptured aneurysms, complications, and their relevance to outcomes in “benign” perimesencephalic subarachnoid hemorrhage are not well known and underreported.METHODSRetrospective analysis of patients with perimesencephalic subarachnoid hemorrhage from a large tertiary care center (2007–2022).RESULTSEighty‐one patients were included with mean age of 55.5 ± 10.3 years.

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Machine Learning and Bias in Medical Imaging: Opportunities and Challenges

Circulation: Cardiovascular Imaging

Circulation: Cardiovascular Imaging, Volume 17, Issue 2 , Page e015495, February 1, 2024. Bias in health care has been well documented and results in disparate and worsened outcomes for at-risk groups. Medical imaging plays a critical role in facilitating patient diagnoses but involves multiple sources of bias including factors related to access to imaging modalities, acquisition of images, and assessment (ie, interpretation) of imaging data.