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Nature Reviews Cardiology, Published online: 07 April 2025; doi:10.1038/s41569-025-01145-y To regenerate the injured heart, cardiomyocytes must proliferate to replace lost myocardial tissue, but this capacity is largely absent in adult mammals. In this Review, Koopmans and van Rooij explore the key pathways that drive cardiomyocyte maturation after birth and how targeted manipulation might reactivate the cell cycle in adult cardiomyocytes.
Arteria lusoria (AL), an anomaly of the right subclavian artery, occurs in 2% of individuals and can cause symptoms such as dysphagia due to its retroesophageal course. Often associated with Kommerell's diverticulum (KD), a dilation at the artery's origin, this condition poses risks of rupture or dissection. Symptomatic cases and aneurysms necessitate surgical intervention, while asymptomatic cases may warrant observation.
"Our medical language is filled with negativity and dehumanization." Dr. Colleen Christmas, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine. Why doctors need to stop using words that hurt patients.
A new study has found that medications for ADHD have overall small effects on blood pressure and heart rate after weeks or a few months of use. There have been concerns about the side effects of ADHD medications but the new findings, coupled with other studies, suggest that the benefits of taking these medications outweigh the risks, while highlighting the need for careful monitoring.
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This paper aims to review and compare the mechanical and technical similarities and differences between the Arctic Front series cryoballoons from Medtronic and the next-generation cryoballoons, including POLARx and POLARx FIT from Boston Scientific and Nordica from Synaptic. As cryoballoon technology continues to evolve, the introduction of lower-pressure and selectable-size balloons presents new considerations for both safety and efficacy of cryoablation of atrial fibrillation.
Paragangliomas are rare neuroendocrine tumors predominantly located within the adrenal gland. Extra-adrenal paragangliomas, particularly those in the anterosuperior mediastinum, are exceedingly rare and pose s.
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Paragangliomas are rare neuroendocrine tumors predominantly located within the adrenal gland. Extra-adrenal paragangliomas, particularly those in the anterosuperior mediastinum, are exceedingly rare and pose s.
Aortic coarctation (AoC) is a common congenital heart defect, affecting 5%8% of patients with structural congenital anomalies. Despite advances in surgical and percutaneous interventions, hypertension remains a significant complication in AoC patients, even after successful repair. Chronic hypertension develops in 20%70% of patients and is a leading cause of long-term cardiovascular morbidity.
Nature Reviews Cardiology, Published online: 07 April 2025; doi:10.1038/s41569-025-01154-x Mariella Huaman and Carlos Toro-Huamanchumo discuss the 2013 study that provided crucial insights into the cardiac structural changes associated with obesity and challenged previously established paradigms.
Dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system (characterized by excessive sympathetic activation and reduced parasympathetic activity) is regarded as one of the primary mechanisms of heart failure. Theoretically, nerve stimulation or modulation targeting this autonomic imbalance could improve outcomes in heart failure, but current evidence is inconclusive.
Dr. Hauser and colleagues draw attention to the critical issues of medical device product performance [1]. The challenges surrounding decision-making amidst imperfect device performance and consequent patient safety impact merit scrutiny and broad informed discussion within the patient, physician, regulatory, and industry communities.
About 729% of cardiac implantable electrical device (CIED) infection patients have unknown causative organisms using normal culture methods. An enrichment culture, is an effective technique for identifying slow-growing, low-abundance, and fastidious microorganisms.
BackgroundCardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and physical activity (PA) are crucial for health and are gaining prominence in sports cardiology and rehabilitation medicine. This research study analyzes the impact of CRF and PA on the cardiovascular prognosis of patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), offering insights to optimize exercise interventions and enhance the scientific use of exercise in health.MethodsCox regression models were used to assess the associations between CRF, PA, and endpoint
Abstract Aims Oxidative stress is known to be involved in the pathophysiology of heart failure (HF). To assess oxidative stress, direct quantification of reactive oxygen species would be ideal but this is not feasible due to their short half-lives. Antioxidant enzymes such as peroxiredoxins, produced as a direct response to oxidative stress, mirror the process and can be more easily quantified.
ObjectiveThis study aimed to explore the relationship between the systemic immune-inflammatory index (SII) and the probability of in-hospital mortality among acute ischemic stroke (AIS) with atrial fibrillation (AF) patients undergoing intravenous thrombolysis.MethodsThis single-center, retrospective observational study included individuals among AIS with AF who received intravenous thrombolysis.
BackgroundPrevious studies of patients with symptomatic obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (oHCM) have reported worse clinical burden for female patients; whether this translates to an increase in healthcare resource use (HRU) and cost is unknown. Therefore, we evaluated the impact of sex on economic burden in symptomatic oHCM.MethodsMedical and pharmacy claims data were assessed from 2016 to 2021 to identify (ICD-10 code) adult patients with symptomatic oHCM in the United States.
Pacemaker manufacturers are responsible for notifying the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) when one of their models has a systematic defect that may place patients at risk of death or injury. However, no regulation or standard specifies when manufacturers must notify the FDA or issue a recall.
BackgroundThere is a high incidence of postoperative hyperglycemia (PHG) in cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), as well as increased morbidity and mortality. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the incidence of PHG after cardiac surgery with CPB, the independent risk factors, and its association with clinical outcomes.MethodsThis was a retrospective, observational study of patients who underwent cardiac surgery with CPB between January 2023 and March 2024 in West China Hospi
This was written by one of our really fine 3rd year residents, Katie Buerk. This case was a 69 year old male, brought in by ambulance, after being found unresponsive in bed by family earlier that day. He had last been seen 3-7 days ago. For the medics, he was bradycardic in the 20-30s. They were unable to obtain a blood pressure. On arrival to the ED, he was breathing spontaneously, had faint pulses, and was cool to the touch.
We know, stress tests can give false positive results suggesting ischemia in at least 20% of patients for various reasons. It can occur with systemic (Anemia) and cardiac conditions such as HT, LVH, baseline ECG changes, or myocardial disease. Here is a middle-aged man who went for an annual health check and ended up with this TMT. His exercise capacity was good at 11 METs, stopped at early stage 4 standard Bruce.
This is the first study systematically comparing 28 and 31mm cryoablation in the same cases. The 31mm cryoballoon expanded left atrium isolation area, especially on the right pulmonary vein side, reduced superior vena cava sleeve length, but no consistent association was observed between balloon size and PNI. ABSTRACT Background POLARx FIT is a size-adjustable cryoballoon, but its effect on isolation area and phrenic nerve injury (PNI) is not fully understood.
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