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A young male with unknown past medical history presents with AMS and tachycardia. There is sinus tachycardia, a prolonged QRS (computer read it as 114 ms, previous ECG with 102 ms). No patient with a QRS of less than 160 ms had ventricular dysrhythmias. Fortunately, the patient had not had any adverse outcome by that time.
The ECG shows sinus tachycardia with RBBB and LAFB, without clear additional superimposed signs of ischemia. Atrial fibrillation is also a predictor of worse outcomes in this case (Alborzi). Between 81-95% of life-threatening ventricular dysrhythmias and acute cardiac failure occur within 24-48 hours of hospitalization.
They had already cardioverted at 120 J, then 200 J, which resulted in the following: Ventricular Tachycardia They then cardioverted at 200 J which r esulted in the same narrow complex rhythm shown above, at 185 beats per minute. This would treat both SVT or sinus tachycardia. There was a good outcome.
Interpretation: There is sinus tachycardia, with right bundle branch block (RBBB). Blunt cardiac injury my result in : 1) Acute myocardial rupture with tamponade 2) Valve rupture (tricuspid, aortic, mitral) 3) Coronary thrombosis or dissection (and thus Acute MI) from direct coronary blunt injury 4) Dysrhythmias of all kinds.
Tachycardia and ST Elevation. Long-term outcome is unknown. Likewise, in some cases of ischemia concealed by flutter waves, the ischemia can be seen despite the flutter waves, whereas in other cases the dysrhythmia must be terminated before the ischemia can be clearly distinguished. Christmas Eve Special Gift!!
The patient stabilized and had a good outcome. See here for management of Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia , which includes Torsades. Could the dysrhythmias have been prevented? Severe hypokalemia in the setting of STEMI or dysrhythmias is life-threatening and needs very rapid treatment. There is atrial fibrillation.
If the patient has Abnormal Vital Signs (fever, hypotension, tachycardia, or tachypnea, or hypoxemia), then these are the primary issue to address, as there is ongoing pathology which must be identified. Cardiac Syncope ("True Syncope") Independent Predictors of Adverse Outcomes condensed from multiple studies 1.
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