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ECG Cases 45 ECG in Weakness and Neurological Symptoms

ECG Cases

Jesse MacLaren guides us through 10 cases of patients who present with generalized weakness or acute neurologic symptoms and discusses how to look for ECG signs of dysrhythmias, electrolyte emergencies, acute coronary occlusion, and demand ischemia in patients with generalized weakness and in patients with neurologic symptoms, to consider predisposing (..)

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A 50 year old man with sudden altered mental status and inferior STE. Would you give lytics? Yes, but not because of the ECG!

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

We have also shown several cases in which atrial flutter hides true, active ischemia. Likewise, in some cases of ischemia concealed by flutter waves, the ischemia can be seen despite the flutter waves, whereas in other cases the dysrhythmia must be terminated before the ischemia can be clearly distinguished.

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A teenager involved in a motor vehicle collision with abnormal ECG

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

The ECG shows sinus tachycardia with RBBB and LAFB, without clear additional superimposed signs of ischemia. See these publications for more information Overall, management for cardiac contusion is mostly supportive unless surgical complications develop, involving appropriate treatment of dysrhythmias and hemodynamic instability.

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What is the rhythm? And is there new left bundle branch block (LBBB)?

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

Is there ischemia? ECG Diagnosis is either : 1) junctional rhythm with new LBBB, and possibly ischemia 2) accelerated idoventricular rhythm with possible ischemia, and possibly related to restoration of normal perfusion. The second explanation (AIVR), whether as a reperfusion dysrhythmia or not, seems most likely.

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A young woman with palpitations. What med is she on? With what medication is she non-compliant? What management?

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

And superimposed subendocardial ischemia pattern, of course. Flecainide : This is a potentially dangerous Na channel blocker which can cause ventricular dysrhythmias including ventricular fibrillation. She was otherwise very stable during this rhythm. The physicians gave some IV metoprolol and restarted her on home PO metoprolol.

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Back to basics: what is this rhythm? What are your options for treating this patient?

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

We see a regular tachycardia with a narrow QRS complex and no evidence of OMI or subendocardial ischemia. But adenosine only lasts for seconds, and if the dysrhythmia recurs, then the adenosine is gone. Prevent the initiation of the dysrhythmia -- this can be done with a beta blocker by prenenting PACS 2. Adenosine worked.

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Diffuse Subendocardial Ischemia on the ECG. Left main? 3-vessel disease? No!

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

DISCUSSION: The 12-lead EKG EMS initially obtained for this patient showed severe ischemia, with profound "infero-lateral" ST depression and reciprocal ST elevation in lead aVR. The ECG cannot diagnose the etiology of ischemia; it only the presence of ischemia, from whatever etiology.