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Cerebral Small Vessel Disease, Hypertension, and Vascular Contributions to Cognitive Impairment and Dementia: Dementia Series

Hypertension Journal

It is the main cause of lacunar stroke and a major source of vascular contributions to cognitive impairment and dementia. Knowledge gaps include initiating factors, molecular pathogenesis, relationships between arterial pathology and tissue damage, possible reversibility, pharmacological targets, and molecular biomarkers.

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Abstract WP346: Pharmacological Inhibition of Transforming Growth Factor Beta Receptor Improves Breathing Function and Cognition in Mice Models of Dementia

Stroke Journal

Dementia is associated with respiratory dysfunction. In mice models of dementia, there is increased astrogliosis in the brain stem retro-trapezoid nucleus (RTN), which is crucial for breathing control. TGFR2 pharmacological inhibition additionally reduced astrogliosis in the RTN of Tg-2576 mice (drug 53.624.8 vs. 58.25.16, p=.03

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VCP activator reverses nuclear proteostasis defects and enhances TDP-43 aggregate clearance in multisystem proteinopathy models

Journal of Clinical Investigation - Cardiology

Pathogenic variants in valosin-containing protein (VCP) cause multisystem proteinopathy (MSP), a disease characterized by multiple clinical phenotypes including inclusion body myopathy, Paget’s disease of the bone, and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). How such diverse phenotypes are driven by pathogenic VCP variants is not known.

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Abstract WP400: SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Accelerates Alzheimer’s Disease-Related Dementia Through Increased Cerebrovascular Inflammation in hACE2 Mice

Stroke Journal

SARS-COV-2 causes neurological and cognitive impairments and aggravates Alzheimers Disease-Related Dementia (ADRD). In conclusion,the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein accelerates Alzheimers Disease-Related Dementia through increased cerebrovascular inflammation and deterioration of BBB in hACE2 Mice.

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Impact of Obesity on Atrial Fibrillation Pathogenesis and Treatment Options

Journal of the American Heart Association

AF increases the risk of stroke, heart failure, dementia, and hospitalization. However, studies on how obesity affects pharmacologic or interventional AF treatments are limited. Journal of the American Heart Association, Ahead of Print. ABSTRACTAtrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia.

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Long-Term Cognitive Decline After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: Pathophysiology, Management, and Future Directions

Stroke Journal

Subarachnoid hemorrhage is a critical neurological condition accounting for about 5% of all strokes, and survivors experience long-term cognitive deterioration and increased risk of dementia. These have emerging treatments that offer promise for the mitigation of effects such as inflammation, iron chelation, and microvascular dysfunction.

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Abstract TP17: SPAK Kinase Inhibitor ZT-1a Prevents Reactive Astrogliosis, Blood-Brain Barrier Breakdown, and Demyelination in a Mouse Model of VCID

Stroke Journal

Background:Blood-brain barrier (BBB) breakdown, reactive astrogliosis, and myelin losses are the key features of vascular contributions to cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID). Stroke, Volume 55, Issue Suppl_1 , Page ATP17-ATP17, February 1, 2024. However, the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying VCID are not well understood.