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Transcatheter PFO closure for cryptogenic stroke: current approaches and future considerations

Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine

Patent Foramen Ovale (PFO) is a common congenital atrial septal defect present in 20%–35% of the general population. Although generally considered a benign anatomic variant, a PFO may facilitate passage of a thrombus from the venous to arterial circulation, thereby resulting in cryptogenic stroke or systemic embolization.

Stroke 52
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Case Report: Hypereosinophilic syndrome vs. patent foramen ovale as etiopathogenetic contributors to stroke

Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine

Patent foramen ovale (PFO) is the most common congenital intracardiac defect that can cause right-to-left shunting and contribute to the paradoxical embolization of venous emboli, and even lead to stroke. Studies have shown that HES can affect the nervous system and may be associated with cerebral infarction.

Stroke 59
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Abstract 083: Initial Angiogenesis in Vein of Galen Malformations Is Associated with Increased Symptomatic Burden

Stroke: Vascular and Interventional Neurology

Stroke: Vascular and Interventional Neurology, Volume 3, Issue S2 , November 1, 2023. IntroductionVein of Galen Malformations (VOGM) are congenital brain arteriovenous malformations which often present during the neonatal or infantile periods. This difference persisted after controlling for age at initial presentation.

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Abstract 286: Endovascular Management of Pediatric Vertebro?Vertebral Arterio?Venous Fistula: Case report

Stroke: Vascular and Interventional Neurology

Stroke: Vascular and Interventional Neurology, Volume 3, Issue S2 , November 1, 2023. Given the potential vertebrobasilar inadvertent embolization, the procedure was performed under continuous neurophysiological monitoring and post‐periprocedural therapeutic anticoagulation.

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Abstract 132: Transcriptomic Profiling of Vein of Galen Malformations Implicates a VEGFR-Mediated Non-coding RNA Signature of Angiogenesis

Stroke Journal

Stroke, Volume 56, Issue Suppl_1 , Page A132-A132, February 1, 2025. Introduction:Vein of Galen malformations (VOGM) are challenging congenital arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) to treat. During management, for unknown reasons, VOGM may develop fine angiogenic networks of feeding vessels within subarachnoid spaces.

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Abstract WP221: Vein of Galen Malformations: Twenty Years Later

Stroke Journal

Stroke, Volume 55, Issue Suppl_1 , Page AWP221-AWP221, February 1, 2024. Introduction:Vein of Galen Malformations (VOGM) are congenital arteriovenous malformations which carry a mortality of 76.7% Outcomes have improved over time with advances in endovascular embolization. in untreated patients.

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Understanding an Enlarged Heart (Cardiomegaly): Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

MIBHS

Congenital Heart Defects Some individuals are born with heart defects that cause parts of the heart to work harder, leading to enlargement over time. Blood Clots: An enlarged heart is more prone to developing blood clots, which can lead to stroke or pulmonary embolism.