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Taking a step back , remember that sinus tachycardia is less commonly seen in OMI (except in cases of impending cardiogenicshock). In patients with narrow QRS ( not this patient), this pattern is highly suggestive of acute pulmonary embolism. Answer : Bedside ultrasound! So CT is required to find the diagnosis!
Background Pompe disease (PD) is a rare, progressive autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorder that directly impacts mitochondrial function, leading to structural abnormalities and potentially culminating in heart failure or cardiogenicshock. Further genetic testing identified a homozygous mutation c.2662G>T
Smith comment: This patient did not have a bedside ultrasound. Had one been done, it would have shown a feature that is apparent on this ultrasound (however, this patient's LV function would not be as good as in this clip): This is recorded with the LV on the right. In fact, bedside ultrasound might even find severe aortic stenosis.
Smith comment: before reading anything else, this case screamed pulmonary embolism to me. I would do bedside ultrasound to look at the RV, look for B lines as a cause of hypoxia (which would support OMI, and argue against PE), and if any doubt persists, a rapid CT pulmonary angiogram. There is sinus tachycardia at ~100/minute.
Case Continued 2 days later the patient became increasingly tachycardic, hypotensive, ashen, clammy (in cardiogenicshock) and had a new murmur. Rupture can be either free wall rupture (causing tamonade) or septal rupture, causing ventricular septal defect with left to right flow and resulting pulmonary edema and shock.
I have always said that tachycardia should argue against acute MI unless there is cardiogenicshock or 2 simultaneous pathologies. While sensitivity of this sign is very low — its presence is highly suggestive of longstanding and severe pulmonary disease. We showed this in a recent analysis of UTROPIA data (see abstract below).
A bedside cardiac ultrasound was normal, with no effusion. Assessment was severe sudden cardiogenicshock. and the patient was converted to veno-venous (V-V) ECMO due to persistent pulmonary insufficiency. Clinically — the patient was felt to be in cardiogenicshock. They recorded an EC G: New ST Elevation.
Whenever there is tachycardia, I am skeptical of OMI unless it has led to severely compromised ejection fracction with cardiogenicshock. I suspect pulmonary edema, but we are not given information on presence of B-lines on bedside ultrasound, or CXR findings. Pulmonary edema caused by acute MI is especially worrisome.
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