Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

NOVEMBER 23, 2022

Case submitted by Rachel Plate MD, written by Pendell Meyers A man in his 70s presented with chest pain which had started acutely at rest and has lasted for 2 hours. The pain was still ongoing at arrival. He was in cardiogenic shock requiring an impella for several days after cath.

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Chest Pain Cardiac Arrest Cardiogenic Shock Heart Attack 52

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

OCTOBER 20, 2024

He woke up alert and with chest pain which he also had experienced intermittently over the previous few days. The history in today's case with sudden loss of consciousness followed by chest pain is very suggestive of ACS and type I ischemia as the cause of the ECG changes. What do you think? This is an ominous sign.

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Cardiogenic Shock Ischemia Chest Pain Cardiac Arrest 125

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

SEPTEMBER 5, 2024

The VSR is what is causing the cardiogenic shock! Mechanical complications occur acutely and significantly alter hemodynamics leading to comp ensatory mechanism which usually involve vasoconstriction and tachycardia, both hallmarks of cardiogenic shock. PIRP is strongly associated with myocardial rupture.

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Cardiogenic Shock Pericarditis Chest Pain Myocardial Infarction 103

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

JUNE 19, 2023

The patient’s chest pain spontaneously resolved before he was evaluated and has a repeat ECG obtained at 22:12 obtained shown below. In context, of course, it is clear that the patient is reperfusing, as pain has dissipated and the diagnostic findings of OMI have become more nonspecific. This ECG is more difficult.

Chest Pain 52

Chest Pain STEMI Cardiogenic Shock Ischemia 52

Ken Grauer, MD

OCTOBER 25, 2024

The following are the KEY clinical and ECG features that establish the diagnosis of W ellens ' S yndrome : There should be a history of prior chest pain that has resolved at the time the defining ECG is obtained. The Chest Pain required for the definition of Wellens' Syndrome occurred at the time of coronary occlusion.

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Blog Chest Pain Cardiogenic Shock STEMI 95

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

JUNE 17, 2018

A middle-aged patient with lung cancer had presented to clinic complaining of generalized malaise, cough, and chest pain. Symptoms other than chest pain (malaise, cough in a cancer patient) 2. I have always said that tachycardia should argue against acute MI unless there is cardiogenic shock or 2 simultaneous pathologies.

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Chest Pain Pericarditis Tachycardia Myocardial Infarction 52

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

OCTOBER 24, 2019

[link] A 30 year-old woman was brought to the ED with chest pain. She had given birth a week ago, and she had similar chest pain during her labor. She attributed the chest pain to anxiety and stress, saying "I'm just an anxious person." Lobo et al. examined SCAD presenting as STEMI (unlike Hassan et al.

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Chest Pain SCAD STEMI Cardiogenic Shock 52

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

MAY 8, 2023

Edits by Meyers and Smith A man in his 70s with PMH of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, type 2 diabetes, CVA, dual-chamber Medtronic pacemaker, presented to the ED for evaluation of acute chest pain. Triage ECG: What do you think? This is diagnostic of proximal LAD occlusion. This is a huge anterolateral OMI. I cannot be anything else.

Chest Pain 52

Chest Pain Myocardial Infarction STEMI Pacemaker 52

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

MAY 30, 2023

A 50-something man presented in shock with severe chest pain. The patient was in clinical shock with a lactate of 8. His prehospital ECG was diagnostic of inferior posterior OMI. BP was 108 systolic (if a cuff pressure can be trusted) but appeared to be maintaining BP only by very high systemic vascular resistance.

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Chest Pain Myocardial Infarction STEMI Cardiogenic Shock 82

Circulation

NOVEMBER 11, 2024

Subsequently, he developed chest pain with hypotension, diffuse ST elevations on ECG, and hsTropI of 638 ng/L. L/min/m2, suggestive of myopericarditis with cardiogenic shock. Microbiological workup and abdominal imaging were unremarkable. IABP was inserted.

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Cardiogenic Shock Chest Pain Aneurysm Circulation 40

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

NOVEMBER 3, 2023

A man in his 70s with past medical history of hypertension, dyslipidemia, CAD s/p left circumflex stent 2 years prior presented to the ED with worsening intermittent exertional chest pain relieved by rest. This episode of chest pain began 3 hours ago and was persistent even at rest. Troponin was ordered.

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Chest Pain Cardiogenic Shock Ischemia Myocardial Infarction 82

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

MAY 3, 2024

Some patients have baseline RBBB with LAFB, but in patients with likely ACS, these are associated with severe infarction with cardiac arrest, cardiogenic shock or impending shock. Here are some cases of RBBB with LAFB: What is the Diagnosis in this 70-something with Chest Pain?

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Cardiogenic Shock Cardiac Arrest Hospital Ischemia 113

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

SEPTEMBER 23, 2024

Taking a step back , remember that sinus tachycardia is less commonly seen in OMI (except in cases of impending cardiogenic shock). But the History in today's case was acute shortness of breath with dizziness and lightheadedness — and, essentially without chest pain! Additionally, there is borderline right axis deviation.

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Cardiogenic Shock Ultrasound Pulmonary Tachycardia 109

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

JUNE 11, 2021

Jesse McLaren (@ECGcases), of Emergency Medicine Cases Reviewed by Pendell Meyers and Steve Smith An 85yo with a history of hypertension developed chest pain and collapsed, and had bystander CPR. On arrival, GCS was 13 and the patient complained of ongoing chest pain. Vitals were HR 58 BP 167/70 R20 sat 96%.

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Chest Pain Cardiac Arrest Ischemia Cardiogenic Shock 52

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

NOVEMBER 11, 2022

This pattern is essentially always accompanied by cardiogenic shock and high rates of VT/VF arrest, etc. The patient arrived to the ED in cardiogenic shock but awake. What is the Diagnosis in this 70-something with Chest Pain? 68 minutes with chest compressions, full recovery.

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Cardiogenic Shock Chest Pain Tachycardia Ischemia 52

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

SEPTEMBER 19, 2023

He had concurrent sharp substernal chest pain that resolved, but palpitations continued. Over past 3 months, he has had similar intermittent episodes of sharp chest pain while running, but none at rest. A 50-something presented with s udden onset palpitations 8 hrs prior while sitting at desk at work. Patient intubated.

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Tachycardia Cardiogenic Shock Angina Coronary Angiogram 136

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

JULY 21, 2024

The patient in today’s case is a previously healthy 40-something male who contacted EMS due to acute onset crushing chest pain. The pain was 10/10 in intensity radiating bilaterally to the shoulders and also to the left arm and neck. Written By Magnus Nossen — with edits by Ken Grauer and Smith. The below ECG was recorded.

Arrhythmia 113

Arrhythmia Cardiogenic Shock Bradycardia Defibrillator 113

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

OCTOBER 26, 2010

This 54 year old patient with a history of kidney transplant with poor transplant function had been vomiting all day when at 10 PM he developed severe substernal crushing chest pain. ACS and STEMI generally do not cause tachycardia unless there is cardiogenic shock. He had this ECG recorded. Are the lungs clear?

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STEMI Cardiogenic Shock Tachycardia Aneurysm 52

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

NOVEMBER 16, 2010

This 51 yo male complained of chest pain, then had a v fib arrest. He was in cardiogenic shock. The patient died 8 hours later of cardiogenic shock. Here are more examples of wide complex tachycardia: these are all a mix of ventricular tachycardia and SVT with aberrancy.

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Tachycardia Cardiogenic Shock Chest Pain STEMI 52

Ken Grauer, MD

AUGUST 16, 2024

PEARL # 2: In the absence of associated heart failure ( cardiogenic shock ) — sinus tachycardia is not a common finding in acute MI. Today’s patient presented to the ED not only with chest pain — but also with shortness of breath , therefore with a history potentially consistent with the diagnosis.

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Blog Tachycardia Cardiogenic Shock Pulmonary 157

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

OCTOBER 28, 2022

He went into cardiogenic shock and is intubated in the cardiac ICU. Cortland : Thank you so much for your reply! I just got the follow up that he had a near complete very proximal LAD occlusion , and a complete PDA occlusion. Not the culprit artery I was expecting but potentially a wraparound LAD?

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Chest Pain Myocardial Infarction Pacemaker Cardiogenic Shock 52

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

OCTOBER 6, 2023

This is one case where it made a difference: Right Ventricular MI seen on ECG helps Angiographer to find Culprit Lesion Nevertheless, it is sometimes a fun academic exercise to try to predict the infarct artery: An elderly patient had onset of chest pain one hour prior. His included cardiogenic shock, V Tach, AV block.

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Aneurysm Chest Pain Cardiogenic Shock Blog 66

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

SEPTEMBER 17, 2023

Just the fact of chest pain and highly elevated troponin is enough to activate the cath lab, but here you can see just how subtle hyperacute T-waves can be. 2) Typical persistent chest pain with a sigificantly elevated troponin is OMI until proven otherwise, regardless of the ECG.

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Pulmonary Tricuspid Chest Pain Cardiogenic Shock 95

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

OCTOBER 8, 2023

All of the patients presented with chest pain , and they are all in triage. The patient died of cardiogenic shock within 24 hours despite mechanical circulatory support. Triage is backed up, and 10 minutes into your shift one of the ED nurses brings your several ECG s that has not been overread by a physician.

Ischemia 109

Ischemia Chest Pain Cardiogenic Shock Cardiac Arrest 109

DAIC

FEBRUARY 29, 2024

ET Main Tent (Hall B1) Self-expanding Versus Balloon-expandable Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement in Patients with Small Aortic Annuli: Primary Outcomes from the Randomized Smart Trial Effect of Edetate Disodium Based Chelation Infusions on Cardiovascular Events in Post-MI Patients with Diabetes: The TACT2 Trial Long-term Beta-blocker Treatment (..)

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Aortic valve Myocardial Infarction Aortic Blood Pressure 103

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

NOVEMBER 19, 2016

It was edited by Smith CASE : A 52-year-old male with a past medical history of hypertension and COPD summoned EMS with complaints of chest pain, weakness and nausea. Authors' commentary: Cardiogenic shock in the setting of severe aortic stenosis. Fundamentally, cardiogenic shock is an issue of decreased cardiac output.

Ischemia 52

Ischemia Cardiogenic Shock Aortic Stenosis 52

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

JULY 14, 2010

A 56 yo f with h/o HTN and hypercholesterolemia called EMS from home after onset of L chest pain radiating to the left arm. She arrived comatose and in cardiogenic shock and the following ECG was recorded. Before EMS arrived, she had "seizure activity" and became unresponsive. She was intubated.

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Cardiac Arrest Cardiogenic Shock Chest Pain Defibrillator 52

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

APRIL 24, 2020

A middle aged man had off and on chest pain for 2 weeks, then 2 hours of more severe and constant pain. Just prior to transport, the patient became confused and agitated and, although blood pressure and pulse were OK, I was worried about cardiogenic shock. He did not get prehospital activation. What do you think?

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Ischemia Chest Pain Stenosis Cardiogenic Shock 52

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

MARCH 12, 2018

Wellens' is a syndrome of a painless period following an anginal (chest pain) event. When there is tachycardia, the patient is in cardiogenic shock with very poor LV function on bedside echo. We hope you can see the difference: See these cases for more examples: Syncope, Shock, AV block, Large RV, "Anterior" ST Elevation.

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Chest Pain Pulmonary Embolism Tachycardia 52

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

FEBRUARY 5, 2019

He was asked multiple times about chest pain or dyspnea, but repeatedly denied any such symptoms. Patient denied chest pain on initial review of symptoms. Was now endorsing chest pain which began 30 minutes ago. Upon further questioning, he states that he has had intermittent chest pain since yesterday.

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Myocardial Infarction Chest Pain Cardiogenic Shock STEMI 52

EMS 12-Lead

JULY 24, 2023

But the symptoms returned with similar pattern – provoked by exertion, and alleviated with rest; except that on each occasion the chest pain was a little more intense, and the needed recovery period was longer in duration. Then, she attempted to reengage the activities at hand, and initially tolerated this well.

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Angina Ischemia Coronary Angiogram Stenosis 52

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

NOVEMBER 4, 2022

The best course is to wait until the anatomy is defined by angio, then if proceeding to PCI, add Cangrelor (an IV P2Y12 inhibitor) I sent the ECG and clinical information of a 90-year old with chest pain to Dr. McLaren. An elderly man with sudden cardiogenic shock, diffuse ST depressions, and STE in aVR Literature 1.

Ischemia 52

Ischemia STEMI Stenosis Chest Pain 52

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

FEBRUARY 28, 2020

And some similar ECGs from Pulmonary Embolism: A young woman with altered mental status and hypotension An elderly woman transferred to you for chest pain, shortness of breath, and positive troponin - does she need the cath lab now? Tachycardia is unusual in ACS unless there is cardiogenic shock or a second simultaneous pathology.

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Chest Pain Pulmonary Tachycardia Embolism 52

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

AUGUST 13, 2020

This was my response: If it is the right clinical situation, such as acute chest discomfort, it looks like proximal left anterior descending occlusion with right bundle branch block and left anterior fascicular block. Because of the tachcardia, I would expect her to be very poor left ventricular function and maybe Cardiogenic shock.

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Tachycardia AFIB Cardiogenic Shock Myocardial Infarction 52

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

MARCH 30, 2014

Then the notes mention "cardiogenic shock" but without any reference to a cardiac echo or to a chest x-ray. Now chest pain free. Cardiologist note says: "Elevated troponin explained by type II MI due to her shock." They were worried that the syncope was seizure and that she had brain mets.

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Outcomes Cardiogenic Shock STEMI Chest Pain 52

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

JULY 18, 2014

A man in his 60's presented after 4 days of chest pain, with some increase of pain on the day of presentation. Exact pain history was difficult to ascertain. Case Continued 2 days later the patient became increasingly tachycardic, hypotensive, ashen, clammy (in cardiogenic shock) and had a new murmur.

STEMI 52

STEMI Pericarditis Myocardial Infarction Cardiogenic Shock 52

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

AUGUST 9, 2019

His comments/questions are inserted below the ECG: A 50-something woman presented with 3 days of intermittent chest pain that became worse on the day of presentation, with diaphoresis and radiation to the left arm, as well as abdominal pain. This is her ECG: An obvious STEMI, but which artery?

Myocardial Infarction 52

Myocardial Infarction Ischemia STEMI Cardiogenic Shock 52