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Case Report: Extended cardiopulmonary resuscitation in sudden cardiac arrest after acute myocardial infarction

Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine

Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) mostly occurs in crowded public places outside hospitals, such as public sports facilities, airports, railway stations, subway stations, and shopping malls. Fortunately, there was no obvious stenosis in the right coronary artery.

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Upon arrival to the emergency department, a senior emergency physician looked at the ECG and said "Nothing too exciting."

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

This case was provided by Spencer Schwartz, an outstanding paramedic at Hennepin EMS who is on Hennepin EMS's specialized "P3" team, a team that receives extra training in advanced procedures such as RSI, thoracostomy, vasopressors, and prehospital ultrasound. She was defibrillated and resuscitated. It can only be seen by IVUS.

Plaque 52
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1 hour of CPR, then ECMO circulation, then successful defibrillation.

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

I suspect this is Type 2 MI due to prolonged severe hypotension from cardiac arrest. The ways to tell for certain include intravascular ultrasound (to look for extra-luminal plaque with rupture) or "optical coherence tomography," something I am entirely unfamiliar with. pulmonary embolism, sepsis, etc.), myocarditis).

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90 year old with acute chest and epigastric pain, and diffuse ST depression with reciprocal STE in aVR: activate the cath lab?

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

History sounds concerning for ACS (could be critical stenosis, triple vessel), but differential also includes dissection, GI bleed, etc. 2 cases of Aortic Stenosis: Diffuse Subendocardial Ischemia on the ECG. Thirty-six patients (36%) presented with cardiac arrest, and 78% (28/36) underwent emergent angiography.

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40-something with severe CP. True + vs. False + high lateral MI. ST depression does not localize.

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

He had a previous MI with cardiac arrest 2 years prior. There was an old ECG for comparison: One year prior with no ST segment abnormalities A bedside cardiac ultrasound was done by the emergency physician. LM: No significant stenosis. LAD: luminal irregularities with a 40% stenosis at the take-off of a D3.

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ECG with Aslanger's Pattern. CT Pulmonary Angiogram Reveals LAD Ischemia (Septal Transmural). But this is not Contradictory.

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

Case Continued Bedside ultrasound was performed: This shows an anterior wall motion abnormality, and highly suggests the LAD as the infarct artery. The patient was subsequently given 5000 units of heparin, 180 mg of ticagrelor, and defib pads were placed on the patient in the event that he should have a cardiac arrest.

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What are treatment options for this rhythm, when all else fails?

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

Angiography : LMCA — 90-99% osteal stenosis. LCx — 50-69% stenosis of the 1st marginal branch; with 100% distal LCx occlusion. Another approach is sympathetic chain (stellate ganglion) blockade if you have the skills to do it: it requires some expertise and ultrasound guidance. The image shows the impella device in place.