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Bedside cardiac ultrasound showed moderately decreased LV function. CT of the chest showed no pulmonary embolism but bibasilar infiltrates. See this post: How a pause can cause cardiacarrest 2. Even with tachycardia and a paced QRS duration of ~0.16 She was intubated. The plan: 1. Place temporary pacemaker 3.
Although one may have all kinds of ischemic findings as a result of cardiacarrest (rather than cause of cardiacarrest), this degree of ST elevation and HATW is all but diagnostic of acute proximal LAD occlusion. This prompted cath lab activation. On arrival to the ED, this ECG was recorded: What do you think?
Smith interpretation: This is highly likely to be due to extreme right heart strain and is nearly diagnostic of pulmonary embolism. What is the clear diagnosis and reason for arrest? It is of course pulmonary embolism. KEY Findings in ECG #1 include the following: Sinus tachycardia at ~110/minute.
Smith comment: before reading anything else, this case screamed pulmonary embolism to me. CT chest showed left sided pulmonary embolism and a pulmonary infarct that had previously been mistaken for pneumonia. There was 100% proximal LAD occlusion with TIMI 0 flow, and cardiacarrest in the cath lab. As per Dr.
Clinically — despite an initial 2-fold increased troponin, the normal bedside Echo was reassuring against OMI or pulmonary embolism. This sinus tachycardia ( at ~130/minute ) — is consistent with the patient’s worsening clinical condition, with development of cardiogenic shock.
The morphology of V2-V4 is very specific in my experience for acute right heart strain (which has many potential etiologies, but none more common and important in EM than acute pulmonary embolism). He had multiple cardiacarrests with ROSC regained each time. CT angiogram showed extensive saddle pulmonary embolism.
They include myocardial ischemia, acute pericarditis, pulmonary embolism, external compression due to mass over the right ventricular outflow tract region, and metabolic disorders like hyper or hypokalemia and hypercalcemia. These are the conditions which have to be considered or excluded as they can sometimes manifest Brugada pattern on ECG.
LAD: type III-IV vessel with a proximal thrombotic or embolic occlusion (TIMI 0 flow). A retrospective 'target trial emulation' comparing amiodarone and lidocaine for adult out-of-hospital cardiacarrest resuscitation. She had no further episodes of VF. Angiogram: 2. The final angiographic result is very good.
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