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This certainly looks like an anterior STEMI (proximal LAD occlusion), with STE and hyperacute T-waves (HATW) in V2-V6 and I and aVL. How do you explain the anterior STEMI(+)OMI immediately after ROSC evolving into posterior OMI 30 minutes later? This caused a type 2 anterior STEMI.
The morphology of V2-V4 is very specific in my experience for acute right heart strain (which has many potential etiologies, but none more common and important in EM than acute pulmonary embolism). He had multiple cardiacarrests with ROSC regained each time. CT angiogram showed extensive saddle pulmonary embolism.
In a series of 18 patients with COVID and ST elevation, 8 were diagnosed with STEMI, 6 of whom had an angiogram and it showed obstructive coronary disease. 12 All STEMI patients had very high cTn typical of STEMI (cTnT > 1.0 Smith ) — the overall impression was that ECG #1 did not suggest findings suggestive of OMI.
Past medical history included RBBB without other cardiac history, but old ECG was not available. The prehospital and ED computer interpretation was inferior STEMI: There’s normal sinus rhythm, first degree AV block and RBBB, normal axis and normal voltages. Vitals were normal except for oxygen saturation of 94%. Vitals were normal.
Smith interpretation: This is highly likely to be due to extreme right heart strain and is nearly diagnostic of pulmonary embolism. She was diagnosed with a Non-STEMI and kept overnight for a next day angiogram. Medics recorded the above ECG and called a STEMI alert. The patient went into arrest pre-hospital.
It makes pulmonary embolism (PE) very likely. It was a PEA or bradyasystolic arrest , not a shockable rhythm. Although most cardiacarrest from MI is due to ventricular fibrillation, some is due to high grade AV block, and so this could indeed be due to large acute STEMI. The RV is huge. Sixth: Severe shock (e.g.,
This is a troponin I level that is almost exclusively seen in STEMI. I suspect this is Type 2 MI due to prolonged severe hypotension from cardiacarrest. So this is either a case of MINOCA, or a case of Type II STEMI. If the arrest was caused by acute MI due to plaque rupture, then the diagnosis is MINOCA.
It is apparently fortunate that she had a cardiacarrest; otherwise, her ECG would have been ignored. Then they did an MRI: Patient underwent cardiac MRI on 10/4 that showed mildly reduced BiV systolic function. This has resulted in an under-representation of STEMI MINOCA patients in the literature. From Gue at al.
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