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Cardiac arrest: even after the angiogram, the diagnosis is not always clear

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

STE limited to aVR is due to diffuse subendocardial ischemia, but what of STE in both aVR and V1? Here is an article I wrote: Updates on the ECG in ACS. The additional ST Elevation in V1 is not usually seen with diffuse subendocardial ischemia, and suggests that something else, like STEMI from LAD occlusion, could be present.

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A 40-something presented after attempted prehospital resuscitation with persistent Ventricular Fibrillation

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

Two recent interventions have proven in randomized trials to improve neurologic survival in cardiac arrest: 1) the combination of the ResQPod and the ResQPump (suction device for compression-decompression CPR -- Lancet 2011 ) and 2) Dual Sequential defibrillation. The patient had ROSC and maintained it.

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ECG with Aslanger's Pattern. CT Pulmonary Angiogram Reveals LAD Ischemia (Septal Transmural). But this is not Contradictory.

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

This suggests diffuse subendocardial ischemia. However, along with that subendocardial ischemia, there is also STE in lead III with reciprocal ST depression in aVL, and some STE in V1. If there is also subendocardial ischemia, the ST depression vector remains leftward, with a reciprocal ST Elevation vector also to the right.

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40-something with severe CP. True + vs. False + high lateral MI. ST depression does not localize.

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

He had a previous MI with cardiac arrest 2 years prior. Down-up T-waves in inferior leads are almost always reciprocal to ischemia in the territory underlying aVL. This is not normal and is a tip off that there is posterior ischemia accompanying the ischemia in aVL. This ECG is diagnostic of ischemia.

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Tachycardia, fever to 105, and ischemic ST Elevation -- a Bridge too Far

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

If a patient presents with chest pain and a normal heart rate, or with shockable cardiac arrest, then ischemic appearing ST elevation is STEMI until proven otherwise. It is prudent to treat the other conditions, get the heart rate controlled, and repeat the ECG.

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Upon arrival to the emergency department, a senior emergency physician looked at the ECG and said "Nothing too exciting."

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

It is apparently fortunate that she had a cardiac arrest; otherwise, her ECG would have been ignored. In a recent article (J Electrocardiol this year, see reference below), peak trop onin I levels in takotsubo presenting with ST Elevation were median 1.02 She was defibrillated and resuscitated. ng/mL [IQR: 0.46, 2.35].

Plaque 52
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Patient in Single Vehicle Crash: What is this ST Elevation, with Peak Troponin of 6500 ng/L?

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

These include ( among others ) — acute febrile illness — variations in autonomic tone — hypothermia — ischemia-infarction — malignant arrhythmias — cardiac arrest — and especially Hyperkalemia. Figure-1 : Visual summary of ECG Patterns in Brugada Syndrome ( adapted from the article by Brugada et al in JACC: Vol.