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Sinus bradycardia – sinus rhythm below 60 bpm is a sinus bradycardia. AFIB/AFL – atrial fibrillation or atrialflutter episodes. Other times, an irregular recording can signal a medical emergency, such as a myocardial infarction or a dangerous arrhythmia. Usually does not exceed 160 bpm.
The WCT is interrupted by a series of variable-morphology QRS complexes, with atrialflutter waves note in II, III, and aVF. Detail of Flutter waves The rate of the flutter waves matches the rate of the WCT (about 200/m), proving that the presenting WCT had been 1:1 atrialflutter.
Instead, the rate of 150, plus the history of AF, suggested atrialflutter. A close inspection of lead II showed P or flutter waves at a rate of about 300 bpm, also supporting atrialflutter. There appear to be flutter waves at a rate of 300. Flecainide encourages new atrialflutter.
Since the most common ventricular response to untreated AFlutter is with 2:1 AV conduction — this results in a ventricular rate HALF as fast as the flutter rate in the atria — and 300 ÷ 2 ~150/minute ( usual range ~130-170/minute ). ECG Blog #242 — Reviews rate -related BBB. ECG Blog #32 — More on rate-related BBB.
PVCs N ot generally considered abnormal ECG findings: Isolated PAC, First Degree AV Block, Sinus bradycardia at a rate of 35-45, and Nonspecific ST-T abnormalities (even if different from a previous ECG). Thus, if there is documented sinus bradycardia, and no suspicion of high grade AV block, at the time of the syncope, this is very useful.
The possibility of an ischemic cause of the ventricular arrhythmia has to be considered! Below in Figure-5 is a 10-minute continuous lead II recording on oral Flecainide, now showing sinus bradycardia without a single PVC! A workup was undertaken in search of a cause of the patient's ventricular arrhythmia. No PVCs are seen.
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