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Three-dimensional printing-guided percutaneous transcatheter replacement in coarctation of the aorta: a retrospective study

Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine

One case complicated with ventricular septal defect (VSD). Two patients with PDA and VSD underwent interventional occlusion at the same time without shunt. There were 6 males and 4 females whose average age was (27.6813.45) years. The operation simulation was performed before operation to determine the best operation plan.

VSD 52
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X-Ray Chest PA View in Severe PAH

All About Cardiovascular System and Disorders

This is the aortic knuckle. In VSD Eisenmenger and PDA Eisenmenger, you would not expect right atrial enlargement. In VSD and PDA Eisenmenger, the heart size decreases when pulmonary hypertension develops, due to decrease in the shunt. It is not visible here. And you are seeing some end on views probably.

VSD 52
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Important Complications of Eisenmenger Syndrome

All About Cardiovascular System and Disorders

Diagrammatic representation of VSD Eisenmenger. The other Eisenmenger syndromes are not called Eisenmenger complex, only VSD Eisenmenger is called Eisenmenger complex. Large ASDs usually develop Eisenmenger syndrome, may be after decades, not like early development of Eisenmenger syndrome in VSD and PDA.

VSD 52
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Austin Thomas Erb

Conquering CHD

He was diagnosed with a butterfly vertebrae, kidney fullness, sacral dimple, and several heart defects (right aortic arch, VSD, and ASD). He spent 6 days there where we were told he was a candidate for VACTERL.

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Single Frame Echo Quiz

All About Cardiovascular System and Disorders

This is the aortic valve in closed position and mitral valve also appears to be closed in position. You can also see the aortic override. The VSD is partly overrided by the aorta. So, when there is an aortic override, if the override of the aorta is less than 50%, you think of tetralogy of Fallot.