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Single Frame Echo Quiz

All About Cardiovascular System and Disorders

But, still for an academic exercise, we will try. This is the aortic valve in closed position and mitral valve also appears to be closed in position. You can also see the aortic override. So, when there is an aortic override, if the override of the aorta is less than 50%, you think of tetralogy of Fallot.

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Differentiating Between Cardiac and Non-Cardiac Chest Pain

All About Cardiovascular System and Disorders

Still some general observations are possible regarding chest pain originating from the heart. The typical pain of cardiac origin is a central chest pain which occurs on walking or other forms of exercise, known as effort angina. Pain of aortic dissection is tearing type and is most severe in the beginning.

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Surgical Treatment of Tetralogy of Fallot and Sequelae

All About Cardiovascular System and Disorders

You can see the ventricular septal defect and aortic over ride. Hemodynamic effects of pulmonary regurgitation include chronic right ventricular volume overload, right ventricular dysfunction and exercise intolerance. And, usually this done, Blalock-Taussig shunt, classic shunt, opposite to the side of the aortic arch.