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Clinical introduction A patient in their 30s had been diagnosed with peripartum cardiomyopathy, pulmonary oedema, with severe left ventricular dysfunction at the seventh month of gestation in the third pregnancy in their late 20s. The coronaryangiogram was normal. The renal and carotid Doppler tests were normal.
A CT Coronaryangiogram was ordered. Here are the results: --Minimally obstructive coronary artery disease. --LAD No signs for aortic dissection or pulmonary embolus. --"Results were discussed with the ordering physician. A repeat troponin returned at 0.45 ng/mL, consistent with reperfused OMI, or Non-OMI.
The Queen of Hearts disagrees, diagnosing OMI with high confidence: Case Continued: The EKG was not immediately recognized by the emergency provider, who ordered a CT scan to rule out aortic dissection at 1419. Smith comment 2: I frequently see failure to control BP in patients with acute chest pain or acute heart failure.
Look at the aortic outflow tract. The diagnostic coronaryangiogram identified only minimal coronary artery disease, but there was a severely calcified, ‘immobile’ aortic valve. Aorticangiogram did not reveal aortic dissection. What do you see? Answer below in the still shot.
While the first one may radiate to the axilla and base, but usually not into the neck, it does reflect both aortic outflow obstruction and mitral regurgitation in patients with a large gradient. On the other hand, the murmur in valvular aortic stenosis does not change substantially or decreases slightly following the Valsalva maneuver.
On his physical examination, cardiac and pulmonary auscultation was completely normal. As his pain was very severe, emergency physicians concerned of aortic dissection and ordered a thoracic CT scan. Bi-phasic scan showed no dissection or pulmonary embolism. He has 40 packs-year of smoking history.
CT angiogram chest: no aortic dissection or pulmonary embolism. Serial chest xrays: progressive bilateral pulmonary edema. Only after her troponin peaked at 500,000 ng/L did she get her angiogram, which showed a 100% left main occlusion due to ruptured plaque. No further troponins were measured.
I suspect pulmonary edema, but we are not given information on presence of B-lines on bedside ultrasound, or CXR findings. Anything that causes pulmonary edema: poor LV function, fluid overload, previous heart failure (HFrEF or HFpEF), valvular disease. What "initiates" the aortic stenosis cascade? She was started on lasix.
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