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Clinical introduction A woman in her 60s with non-obstructive coronary artery disease, aorticvalve replacement and aortic arch repair, chronic diastolic heart failure and paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF) and flutter (AFL), presented with 3 days of sustained palpitations that felt similar to prior episodes of AF/AFL.
There is limited data regarding safety, electrophysiologic characteristics and arrhythmia substrate during ventricular tachycardia (VT) ablation in patients with prior aorticvalve replacement (AVR).
Sinus tachycardia has many potential causes. This is especially true for the elderly patient with sinus tachycardia. What is the cause of the sudden tachycardia? She had a very elevated troponin T at 12,335 ng/L at the time of presentation. The patient in today’s case suddenly became tachycardic while sleeping.
AS-APs can be successfully ablated from the right atrium (RA) or the aorticvalve's noncoronary cusp (NCC). Electrophysiological maneuvers showed persistent retrograde AP conduction and orthodromic reciprocating tachycardia (ORT) remained easily inducible. Additional ablation in the NCC did not eliminate retrograde conduction.
The diagnostic coronary angiogram identified only minimal coronary artery disease, but there was a severely calcified, ‘immobile’ aorticvalve. Aortic angiogram did not reveal aortic dissection. If you see this, you should Doppler the valve. Aorticvalve surgery as an emergency procedure.
The next morning the patient went for his routine echocardiogram, where the operator noticed a dilated aortic root at 5.47 cm with severe aortic insufficiency. The team was notified and they ordered a stat aortagram which showed type A aortic dissection from the aorticvalve to the iliacs.
Other than tachycardia, Other than slight tachycardia, vitals were within normal limits (including oxygen saturation). Chest pain and Concordant ST Depression in a patient with aorticvalve and previously normal angiogram Right Bundle Branch Block and ST Depression in V1-V3. Apparently he denied chest pain.
The status of the patients chest pain at this time is unknown : EKG 1, 1300: There is sinus tachycardia and artifact of low and high frequency. However, there is also significant tachycardia , with heart rate of 116, and known hypoxia. The scan showed a bicuspid aorticvalve with severe stenosis and coronary artery disease.
Mind you, even an innocuous episode of fever, associated dyspnea, and tachycardia can elevate the mitral gradient and sound a false alarm. Depending solely on prosthetic valve gradients to diagnose obstruction is the biggest error we commit. It needs a good knowledge of anatomy, physiology of inter & Intra valvular hemodynamics.It
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