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Ken (below) is appropriately worried about pulmonary embolism from the ECG. What I had not told him before he made that judgement is that the patient also had ultrasound B-lines of pulmonary edema. LV aneurysm has QS-waves, so this couldn't be LV aneurysm, right? What do you think?
He was in acute distress from pulmonary edema, with a BP of 180/110, pulse 110. He had diffuse crackles on exam and B-lines on chest ultrasound, and chest x-ray also confirmed pulmonary edema. The hypertension alone is the likely etiology of the pulmonary edema. He had no chest pain. The cath lab was activated.
Smith comment: before reading anything else, this case screamed pulmonary embolism to me. I would do bedside ultrasound to look at the RV, look for B lines as a cause of hypoxia (which would support OMI, and argue against PE), and if any doubt persists, a rapid CT pulmonary angiogram.
The patient's heart had significant recovery: Echo : Estimated LVEF 32%, apical wall motion abnormality with diastolic distortion (LV aneurysm), suggestive of old MI. pulmonary embolism, sepsis, etc.), A followup ECG was recorded 2 days later: No definite evidence of infarction. It was uncertain whether this represented: 1.
Rupture can be either free wall rupture (causing tamonade) or septal rupture, causing ventricular septal defect with left to right flow and resulting pulmonary edema and shock. If detected early by ultrasound, the patient can be saved. Additionally , these patients have a high incidence of LV aneurysm with mural thrombus.
CT angiogram chest: no aortic dissection or pulmonary embolism. Serial chest xrays: progressive bilateral pulmonary edema. Repeat CT angio chest (not CT coronary, unclear what protocol) showed possible LAD aneurysm and thrombus. Beware a negative Bedside ultrasound. No further troponins were measured. Pericarditis?
Look for Vascular Etiology -- think of these while doing H and P: --Bleeding: ruptured AAA, GI bleed, ruptured ectopic pregnancy, other spontaneous bleed such as mesenteric aneurysms. Serious outcomes included death, arrhythmia, myocardial infarction, structural heart disease, pulmonary embolism, and hemorrhage. orthostatic vitals b.
There are no Q-waves to suggest old inferior MI, or inferior aneurysm as the etiology of the ST Elevation. I suspect pulmonary edema, but we are not given information on presence of B-lines on bedside ultrasound, or CXR findings. Acute coronary occlusion and acute pulmonary edema can coexist. She was started on lasix.
Case continued A bedside cardiac ultrasound revealed grossly preserved left ventricular function, no appreciable wall motion abnormality, pericardial effusion, or obvious valvular abnormality. Also: electrical instability, pulmonary edema, or hypotension. Another EKG was also obtained. ECG at time 82 minutes: What do you think?
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