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Interpreting the waves and detecting abnormalities: Typically, the heart conducts electricity in a pathway starting in the sinoatrial node (SA), our heart’s “natural pacemaker”, located in the wall of the right atrium. AFIB/AFL – atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter episodes. Usually does not exceed 160 bpm.
Written by Willy Frick A woman in her 90s with a history of end stage renal disease and complete heart block status post dual chamber pacemaker presented from home with acute onset dyspnea. As per Dr. Frick — pacemaker spikes are best seen in lead aVL of ECG #1. ECG is shown below. What do you think? The March 17, 2023 post — for PTA.
We admitted him for probable EP study and possible pacemaker. He underwent pacemaker placement and is doing fine. SSS is by far the most common reason for permanent pacemaker placement. during which sinus bradycardia and arrhythmia are seen but not to a degree that produces symptoms. Learning Points: 1.
. = My Comment by K EN G RAUER, MD ( 3/15 /2023 ): = I found today’s case highly instructive in highlighting a number of important aspects regarding the presentation and initial treatment of a patient who presents to the ED with new AFib. I focus my comment on a few additional aspects regarding new AFib.
As a result, in order to differentiate MAT from the much more commonly encountered irregularly irregular rhythm ( which is AFib ) — we need to be certain we are seeing multiple different P wave morphologies that are constantly changing. MAT is not a Wandering Pacemaker. ECG Blog #200 — for an example of Wandering Atrial Pacemaker.
She had a permanent pacemaker implanted. After pacer AND conversion to sinus rhythm: Computer diagnosis: IMPRESSION ELECTRONIC VENTRICULAR PACEMAKER ABNORMAL RHYTHM ECG What is missing from this interpretation? Her K was normal 3. There was no evidence of ischemia. Thus, this is a sick AV node.
She had a single chamber ICD/Pacemaker implanted several years prior due to ventricular tachycardia. Seeing as the patient has a single chamber ICD/pacemaker, pacing the ventricle will also lead to AV dyssynchrony that will compromise ventricular filling, further impairing hemodynamics. small squares in width (260ms).
MAT has at least 3 distinct P-wave morphologies, but there is no single dominant pacemaker (i.e., Failure to follow this advice will undoubtedly lead to overlooking subtle acute MIs — and , it will especially lead to misdiagnosing many cardiac arrhythmias ( as was done in this case ). How can you avoid overlooking this arrhythmia?
and if not — Is the rhythm “irregularly irregular”, as in AFib — or is there a pattern of “regular" irregularity in the form of group beating ? ). to diagnose almost any arrhythmia. What is the R ate? looking both at the atrial and ventricular rates IF these are different ). Is the rhythm R egular? (
PEARL #2: As cited in ECG Blog #252 — my favorite truism in arrhythmia interpretation is, "The commonest cause of a pause is a blocked PAC". ECG Blog #200 — for an example of Wandering Atrial Pacemaker. ECG Blog #71 — Regarding the Ashman Phenomenon with AFib. ECG Blog #289 — Review of U wave recognition ( and low K+/Mg++).
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