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The ECG does not show any definite signs of ischemia. Uncontrolled coronary spasm may be associated with serious arrhythmias , including cardiacarrest ( Looi et al — Postgrad Med, 2012 ; Tan et al — Eur Heart J Case Rep, 2018 ; Chevalier et al — JACC, 1998 ; Rodriguez-Manero — EP Europace, 2018 ).
The first task when assessing a wide complex QRS for ischemia is to identify the end of the QRS. The ST segment changes are compatible with severe subendocardial ischemia which can be caused by type I MI from ACS or potentially from type II MI (non-obstructive coronary artery disease with supply/demand mismatch). What do you think?
When I was shown this ECG, I said it looks like such widespread ischemia that is might be a left main occlusion, or LM ischemia plus circumflex occlusion (high lateral and posterior OMI). Suffice it to say that, "The heart does whatever it will do when a patient is about to arrest". There is STE in aVR.
Subendocardial Ischemia from another Cause ( ie, sustained tachyarrhythmia; cardiacarrest; shock or profound hypotension; GI bleeding; anemia; "sick patient" , etc. ). To EMPHASIZE: This pattern of diffuse Subendocardial Ischemia does not suggest acute coronary occlusion ( ie, it is not the pattern of an acute MI ).
His response: “subendocardial ischemia. Smith : It should be noted that, in subendocardial ischemia, in contrast to OMI, absence of wall motion abnormality is common. With the history of Afib, CTA abdomen was ordered to r/o mesenteric ischemia vs ischemic colitis vs small bowel obstruction. Anything more on history?
Part of the ST depression with deep T wave inversion in the lateral chest leads clearly reflects LV "strain" from the marked LVH — but despite the very large QRS amplitudes, this ST-T wave appearance looks disproportionate, suggesting at least a component of ischemia. The plan was to proceed as soon as possible with aortic valve replacement.
Steve, what do you think of this ECG in this CardiacArrest Patient?" A woman in her 50s with dyspnea and bradycardia A patient with cardiacarrest, ROSC, and right bundle branch block (RBBB). HyperKalemia with CardiacArrest. 72; Issue 9; 2018. Is this just right bundle branch block?
Followup ECG: No Change Absence of evolution is the best evidence against ischemia as the etiology. I was taught that the tell-tale sign of ischemia vs an electrical abnormality was in the hx, i.e. chest pain for the ischemia and potential syncope for brugada. Ischemia/infarction. Acute febrile illness. Hypothermia.
Normally, concavity in ST segments suggests absence of anterior ischemia (though concavity by itself is not reassuring - see this study ). In there ECG evidence of possible ongoing ischemia? (ie, IMPRESSION: I’d interpret this tracing as consistent with LVH and/or “strain” and/or ischemia. THANK YOU Dr. Lee!
2017 AHA/ACC/HRS guideline for management of patients with ventricular arrhythmias and the prevention of sudden cardiac death. 72; Issue 9; 2018 ) — A ) Brugada-1 ECG pattern, showing coved ST-segment elevation ≥2 mm in ≥1 right precordial lead, followed by a negative T-wave. — Heart Rhythm, 4(2), 198-199. [6]
This ECG is all but diagnostic of subepicardial ischemia of the anterior, lateral, and inferior walls, most likely due to Occlusion MI (OMI), probably of the LAD. Expert ECG interpretation could have prevented this man's cardiacarrest, and almost certainly would have resulted in a much smaller MI and therefore better long term prognosis.
See these other related cases: A patient with cardiacarrest, ROSC, and right bundle branch block (RBBB). Appreciation of this PEARL #8 is important for assessing ischemia because hyperkalemia may either mimic or mask ischemic ECG changes! Is this just right bundle branch block?
mg reduced the risk of cardiovascular death, MI or heart attack, ischemic stroke, or ischemia-driven coronary revascularization by 31% compared with placebo.34 Published 2018 Feb 6. This in turn leads to an overall reduction in IL-6 production and CRP concentration.12 12 Colchicine, 0.5 34 Colchicine, 0.5 33,36,37 Colchicine, 0.5
If a patient presents with chest pain and a normal heart rate, or with shockable cardiacarrest, then ischemic appearing ST elevation is STEMI until proven otherwise. CLICK HERE — for the ESC/ACC/AHA/WHF 2018 Consensus Document on the 4th Universal Definition of MI, in which these concepts are discussed and illustrated.
These include ( among others ) — acute febrile illness — variations in autonomic tone — hypothermia — ischemia-infarction — malignant arrhythmias — cardiacarrest — and especially Hyperkalemia. Patients with such conditions that may transiently mimic the ECG findings of a Brugada-1 pattern are said to have Brugada Phenocopy.
Meyers, Smith; Weingart wrote an extensive review on Idiopathic VT in the September 14, 2018 post of Dr. Smith’s ECG Blog. 14, 2018 post adds a series of PEARLS on “My Take” regarding this subject. As a result — it’s worth briefly reviewing this entity of “ Idiopathic ” VT. My Comment at the bottom of this Sept.
2017 AHA/ACC/HRS guideline for management of patients with ventricular arrhythmias and the prevention of sudden cardiac death. Heart Rhythm, 4(2), 198-199. [6] Fever-related arrhythmic events in the multicenter survey on arrhythmic events in Brugada syndrome. Heart Rhythm, 15(9): 1394-1401. [7]
Case submitted by Magnus Nossen MD from Norway, written by Pendell Meyers A man in his 50s with no pertinent medical history suffered a witnessed cardiacarrest. 12 minutes later, the patient went back into VFib arrest and underwent another 15 minutes of resuscitation followed by successful defibrillation and sustained ROSC.
Unexplained cardiacarrest or documented VF/polymorphic VT: +3 3. Unexplained sudden cardiac death (3 categories) (+0.5 - +2) 4. Among potential conditions that may produce Brugada Phenocopy are infarction and ischemia. Ischemia or infarction. Cardiacarrest. Clinical History 2.a. Family History 3.a.
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