Remove 2015 Remove Ischemia Remove STEMI
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Diffuse Subendocardial Ischemia on the ECG. Left main? 3-vessel disease? No!

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

Clinical Course The paramedic activated a “Code STEMI” alert and transported the patient nearly 50 miles to the closest tertiary medical center. DISCUSSION: The 12-lead EKG EMS initially obtained for this patient showed severe ischemia, with profound "infero-lateral" ST depression and reciprocal ST elevation in lead aVR.

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Right precordial ST depression in a patient with chest pain

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

Computer read: "Non-specific ST abnormality, consider anterior subendocardial ischemia" There are very poor R-waves in V1-V4 suggesting old anterior MI. Firstly, subendocardial ischemia does not localize on 12-Lead ECG. But the real question at hand is: Are these precordial ST-depressions a result of subendocardial ischemia?

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A man in his 70s with acute chest pain and paced rhythm.

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

Code STEMI was activated by the ED physician based on the diagnostic ECG for LAD OMI in ventricular paced rhythm. This was several months after the 2022 ACC Guidelines adding modified Sgarbossa criteria as a STEMI equivalent in ventricular paced rhythm). American Heart Journal 170(6):1255-1264; December 2015. Theiling BJ.

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Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

EMS 12-Lead

There is broad subendocardial ischemia as demonstrated by STE aVR with concomitant STD that almost appears appropriately maximal in Leads II and V5. There is LBBB-like morphology with persistent patterns of subendocardial ischemia. This worried the crew of potential acute coronary syndrome and STEMI was activated pre-hospital.

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Chest pain, a ‘normal’ ECG, a 'normal trop', and low HEART and EDACS scores: Discharge home? Stress test? Many errors here.

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

The HEART and EDACS scores are helpful to risk stratify patients with chest pain, but they hinge on accurate ECG interpretation: a low score doesn’t apply if the ECG shows STEMI(+)OMI, and shouldn’t be used for STEMI(-)OMI or OMI reperfusion either 2. Lancet 2015 6. Learn the signs of reperfusion: as Dr. Am J Med 2021 5.

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A man in his 40s with epigastric pain and ST Elevation

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

Learning Points: Ectopic atrial rhythm can produce atrial repolarization findings that can be confused for acute ischemia, STEMI, or OMI. To the left of these tracings is schematic illustration of the Emery Phenomenon ( adapted from the 2015 post by Dr. Bojana Uzelac on Armel Carmona’s ECG Rhythms website ).

Blog 52
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Target Acquired

EMS 12-Lead

Figure 1-1 My colleague, a faithful student of ECG interpretation, handed me the tracing and said that it warranted STEMI activation because of apparent terminal QRS distortion (TQRSD) in V2. ASA 324mg was administered while a STEMI activation was simultaneously transmitted to the nearest PCI center. Attached is the first ECG.